James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
On Sat, 18 Mar 2017 02:37:53 -0000, rickman wrote:

On 3/17/2017 10:28 PM, James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
On Sat, 18 Mar 2017 02:01:09 -0000, rickman wrote:

On 3/17/2017 8:02 PM, James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nation..._2008_incident




Can someone explain why a power station should disconnect due to
detecting a small frequency drop?* Would this not make things worse?

When I read that article, it said that this was no longer the rule.* In
fact, the problem was caused by some smaller generation facilities
tripping off the grid when the current rule was to *not* trip at that
point.* They were running old software.

I assume that not entirely unlike blowing a fuse, the general rule
is to
separate portions of the grid when things are going wonky.* I can only
imagine that there could be parts of the grid damaged if the flow of
power is not well regulated.

Agreed.* But if a power station detects the grid is at a slightly low
frequency, why on earth would it be a good idea to cease generating?
The low frequency was presumably caused by a lack of input, making the
power stations throughout the country labour a little and slow down.
Taking more power stations off the grid will exacerbate the problem.

Did you read what I wrote?* That is not the rule.

Yes, you said they seperate if the frequency is wrong.* Which is not a
good idea is it?

Coming in very, very, late to this discussion, but .....

It would seem to me that if the freqs that two generators were operating
at were slightly different, then the instantaneous voltages being
produced by the two generators would also be different, so one generator
would be supplying power to the "real" load *and* to the slower generator!

Daniel

Daniel60 wrote on 12/5/2017 8:13 AM:
James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
On Sat, 18 Mar 2017 02:37:53 -0000, rickman wrote:

On 3/17/2017 10:28 PM, James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
On Sat, 18 Mar 2017 02:01:09 -0000, rickman wrote:

On 3/17/2017 8:02 PM, James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nation..._2008_incident




Can someone explain why a power station should disconnect due to
detecting a small frequency drop? Would this not make things worse?

When I read that article, it said that this was no longer the rule. In
fact, the problem was caused by some smaller generation facilities
tripping off the grid when the current rule was to *not* trip at that
point. They were running old software.

I assume that not entirely unlike blowing a fuse, the general rule is to
separate portions of the grid when things are going wonky. I can only
imagine that there could be parts of the grid damaged if the flow of
power is not well regulated.

Agreed. But if a power station detects the grid is at a slightly low
frequency, why on earth would it be a good idea to cease generating?
The low frequency was presumably caused by a lack of input, making the
power stations throughout the country labour a little and slow down.
Taking more power stations off the grid will exacerbate the problem.

Did you read what I wrote? That is not the rule.

Yes, you said they seperate if the frequency is wrong. Which is not a
good idea is it?

Coming in very, very, late to this discussion, but .....

It would seem to me that if the freqs that two generators were operating at
were slightly different, then the instantaneous voltages being produced by
the two generators would also be different, so one generator would be
supplying power to the "real" load *and* to the slower generator!

Keep in mind that the power lost in transmission is not zero. A
sufficiently small difference in phase (rather than frequency which would
result in phase creeping) would simply result in a smaller or larger loss in
the transmission. Given the difference in phase of voltage on the load this
would result in current leading or lagging the generated voltage and result
in a torque that would speed the lagging generator and slow the leading
generator since the back EMF is created by the current.

--

Rick C

Viewed the eclipse at Wintercrest Farms,
on the centerline of totality since 1998

rickman wrote:
Daniel60 wrote on 12/5/2017 8:13 AM:
James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
On Sat, 18 Mar 2017 02:37:53 -0000, rickman wrote:

On 3/17/2017 10:28 PM, James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
On Sat, 18 Mar 2017 02:01:09 -0000, rickman wrote:

On 3/17/2017 8:02 PM, James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nation..._2008_incident





Can someone explain why a power station should disconnect due to
detecting a small frequency drop?* Would this not make things worse?

When I read that article, it said that this was no longer the
rule.* In
fact, the problem was caused by some smaller generation facilities
tripping off the grid when the current rule was to *not* trip at that
point.* They were running old software.

I assume that not entirely unlike blowing a fuse, the general rule
is to
separate portions of the grid when things are going wonky.* I can
only
imagine that there could be parts of the grid damaged if the flow of
power is not well regulated.

Agreed.* But if a power station detects the grid is at a slightly low
frequency, why on earth would it be a good idea to cease generating?
The low frequency was presumably caused by a lack of input, making the
power stations throughout the country labour a little and slow down.
Taking more power stations off the grid will exacerbate the problem.

Did you read what I wrote?* That is not the rule.

Yes, you said they seperate if the frequency is wrong.* Which is not a
good idea is it?

Coming in very, very, late to this discussion, but .....

It would seem to me that if the freqs that two generators were
operating at
were slightly different, then the instantaneous voltages being
produced by
the two generators would also be different, so one generator would be
supplying power to the "real" load *and* to the slower generator!

Keep in mind that the power lost in transmission is not zero.* A
sufficiently small difference in phase (rather than frequency which
would result in phase creeping) would simply result in a smaller or
larger loss in the transmission.* Given the difference in phase of
voltage on the load this would result in current leading or lagging the
generated voltage and result in a torque that would speed the lagging
generator and slow the leading generator since the back EMF is created
by the current.

If one generator was running at 50Hz and the other was running at, say,
49.95Hz, then every1,000 cycles or so, the two waveforms would be
exactly in phase ..... for an infinitesimally (??Sp) small time!!

If the two generators were both running at 50Hz but one lagged the other
by some degrees (your second case, and not the one I originally
considered) could possibly be as you mentioned.

Daniel

Daniel60 wrote on 12/6/2017 1:10 AM:
rickman wrote:
Daniel60 wrote on 12/5/2017 8:13 AM:
James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
On Sat, 18 Mar 2017 02:37:53 -0000, rickman wrote:

On 3/17/2017 10:28 PM, James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
On Sat, 18 Mar 2017 02:01:09 -0000, rickman wrote:

On 3/17/2017 8:02 PM, James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nation..._2008_incident





Can someone explain why a power station should disconnect due to
detecting a small frequency drop? Would this not make things worse?

When I read that article, it said that this was no longer the rule. In
fact, the problem was caused by some smaller generation facilities
tripping off the grid when the current rule was to *not* trip at that
point. They were running old software.

I assume that not entirely unlike blowing a fuse, the general rule is to
separate portions of the grid when things are going wonky. I can only
imagine that there could be parts of the grid damaged if the flow of
power is not well regulated.

Agreed. But if a power station detects the grid is at a slightly low
frequency, why on earth would it be a good idea to cease generating?
The low frequency was presumably caused by a lack of input, making the
power stations throughout the country labour a little and slow down.
Taking more power stations off the grid will exacerbate the problem.

Did you read what I wrote? That is not the rule.

Yes, you said they seperate if the frequency is wrong. Which is not a
good idea is it?

Coming in very, very, late to this discussion, but .....

It would seem to me that if the freqs that two generators were operating at
were slightly different, then the instantaneous voltages being produced by
the two generators would also be different, so one generator would be
supplying power to the "real" load *and* to the slower generator!

Keep in mind that the power lost in transmission is not zero. A
sufficiently small difference in phase (rather than frequency which would
result in phase creeping) would simply result in a smaller or larger loss
in the transmission. Given the difference in phase of voltage on the load
this would result in current leading or lagging the generated voltage and
result in a torque that would speed the lagging generator and slow the
leading generator since the back EMF is created by the current.

If one generator was running at 50Hz and the other was running at, say,
49.95Hz, then every1,000 cycles or so, the two waveforms would be exactly in
phase ..... for an infinitesimally (??Sp) small time!!

If the two generators were both running at 50Hz but one lagged the other by
some degrees (your second case, and not the one I originally considered)
could possibly be as you mentioned.

The point is that neither of these two cases are realistic because the
frequency is never perfectly stable. That's the point, the whole grid is a
living, breathing entity and every part responds to the rest in a way that
tends to lock it together. Talking about two generators being some small
amount different in frequency for any length of time won't last, they will
be pushed together.

--

Rick C

Viewed the eclipse at Wintercrest Farms,
on the centerline of totality since 1998

James Wilkinson Sword wrote on 12/6/2017 12:09 PM:
On Wed, 06 Dec 2017 11:27:40 -0000, rickman wrote:

Daniel60 wrote on 12/6/2017 1:10 AM:
rickman wrote:
Daniel60 wrote on 12/5/2017 8:13 AM:
James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
On Sat, 18 Mar 2017 02:37:53 -0000, rickman wrote:

On 3/17/2017 10:28 PM, James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
On Sat, 18 Mar 2017 02:01:09 -0000, rickman wrote:

On 3/17/2017 8:02 PM, James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nation..._2008_incident






Can someone explain why a power station should disconnect due to
detecting a small frequency drop? Would this not make things worse?

When I read that article, it said that this was no longer the
rule. In
fact, the problem was caused by some smaller generation facilities
tripping off the grid when the current rule was to *not* trip at that
point. They were running old software.

I assume that not entirely unlike blowing a fuse, the general rule
is to
separate portions of the grid when things are going wonky. I can only
imagine that there could be parts of the grid damaged if the flow of
power is not well regulated.

Agreed. But if a power station detects the grid is at a slightly low
frequency, why on earth would it be a good idea to cease generating?
The low frequency was presumably caused by a lack of input, making the
power stations throughout the country labour a little and slow down.
Taking more power stations off the grid will exacerbate the problem.

Did you read what I wrote? That is not the rule.

Yes, you said they seperate if the frequency is wrong. Which is not a
good idea is it?

Coming in very, very, late to this discussion, but .....

It would seem to me that if the freqs that two generators were
operating at
were slightly different, then the instantaneous voltages being produced by
the two generators would also be different, so one generator would be
supplying power to the "real" load *and* to the slower generator!

Keep in mind that the power lost in transmission is not zero. A
sufficiently small difference in phase (rather than frequency which would
result in phase creeping) would simply result in a smaller or larger loss
in the transmission. Given the difference in phase of voltage on the load
this would result in current leading or lagging the generated voltage and
result in a torque that would speed the lagging generator and slow the
leading generator since the back EMF is created by the current.

If one generator was running at 50Hz and the other was running at, say,
49.95Hz, then every1,000 cycles or so, the two waveforms would be exactly in
phase ..... for an infinitesimally (??Sp) small time!!

If the two generators were both running at 50Hz but one lagged the other by
some degrees (your second case, and not the one I originally considered)
could possibly be as you mentioned.

The point is that neither of these two cases are realistic because the
frequency is never perfectly stable. That's the point, the whole grid is a
living, breathing entity and every part responds to the rest in a way that
tends to lock it together. Talking about two generators being some small
amount different in frequency for any length of time won't last, they will
be pushed together.

Indeed, and presumably also if they're a little out of phase permanently.
Although presumably there's a limit. If I brought up my generator 180
degrees out of phase with the grid, something bad would happen - melted
coils? I think what happens with power stations is they use the grid to
spin up the generator before introducing it's own fuel.

I have read they just spin it up by the power source and adjust the
speed/frequency and phase to match the grid as much as possible before
connecting it to the grid.

The real issue is how does it all remain stable with so many points each
trying to do its own thing but responding to the grid? I think of it as a
flock of birds. No one bird controls how the flock moves, but they will
part and dodge to avoid a hawk diving in to take one because in essence,
they are all connected in a grid.

--

Rick C

Viewed the eclipse at Wintercrest Farms,
on the centerline of totality since 1998

rickman wrote:
Daniel60 wrote on 12/6/2017 1:10 AM:
rickman wrote:
Daniel60 wrote on 12/5/2017 8:13 AM:
James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
On Sat, 18 Mar 2017 02:37:53 -0000, rickman wrote:

On 3/17/2017 10:28 PM, James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
On Sat, 18 Mar 2017 02:01:09 -0000, rickman
wrote:

On 3/17/2017 8:02 PM, James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nation..._2008_incident






Can someone explain why a power station should disconnect due to
detecting a small frequency drop?* Would this not make things
worse?

When I read that article, it said that this was no longer the
rule.* In
fact, the problem was caused by some smaller generation facilities
tripping off the grid when the current rule was to *not* trip at
that
point.* They were running old software.

I assume that not entirely unlike blowing a fuse, the general
rule is to
separate portions of the grid when things are going wonky.* I
can only
imagine that there could be parts of the grid damaged if the
flow of
power is not well regulated.

Agreed.* But if a power station detects the grid is at a slightly
low
frequency, why on earth would it be a good idea to cease generating?
The low frequency was presumably caused by a lack of input,
making the
power stations throughout the country labour a little and slow down.
Taking more power stations off the grid will exacerbate the problem.

Did you read what I wrote?* That is not the rule.

Yes, you said they seperate if the frequency is wrong.* Which is not a
good idea is it?

Coming in very, very, late to this discussion, but .....

It would seem to me that if the freqs that two generators were
operating at
were slightly different, then the instantaneous voltages being
produced by
the two generators would also be different, so one generator would be
supplying power to the "real" load *and* to the slower generator!

Keep in mind that the power lost in transmission is not zero.* A
sufficiently small difference in phase (rather than frequency which
would
result in phase creeping) would simply result in a smaller or larger
loss
in the transmission.* Given the difference in phase of voltage on the
load
this would result in current leading or lagging the generated voltage
and
result in a torque that would speed the lagging generator and slow the
leading generator since the back EMF is created by the current.

If one generator was running at 50Hz and the other was running at, say,
49.95Hz, then every1,000 cycles or so, the two waveforms would be
exactly in
phase ..... for an infinitesimally (??Sp) small time!!

If the two generators were both running at 50Hz but one lagged the
other by
some degrees (your second case, and not the one I originally considered)
could possibly be as you mentioned.

The point is that neither of these two cases are realistic because the
frequency is never perfectly stable.* That's the point, the whole grid
is a living, breathing entity and every part responds to the rest in a
way that tends to lock it together.* Talking about two generators being
some small amount different in frequency for any length of time won't
last, they will be pushed together.

Thanks for the memories!!

As I was sitting here, catching up on these posts, I recalled, back
about 40 years ago (in another life ;-) ), I worked at an Australian
Army H.F. Transmitter site where, each Tuesday, we would test out our
on-site, (3) 300KVA Blackstone generators by bring up one of them,
syncing it to the mains supply, disconnecting the mains and then, a
couple of hours later, bring up another gennie, sync it to the first
one, then drop the first one off-line, and then a couple of hours later,
sync this gennie back to the mains.

All good fun!!

Daniel

James Wilkinson Sword wrote:
On Thu, 07 Dec 2017 12:29:19 -0000, Daniel60
wrote:
rickman wrote:

Snip

The point is that neither of these two cases are realistic because the
frequency is never perfectly stable.* That's the point, the whole grid
is a living, breathing entity and every part responds to the rest in a
way that tends to lock it together.* Talking about two generators being
some small amount different in frequency for any length of time won't
last, they will be pushed together.

Thanks for the memories!!

As I was sitting here, catching up on these posts, I recalled, back
about 40 years ago (in another life ;-) ), I worked at an Australian
Army H.F. Transmitter site where, each Tuesday, we would test out our
on-site, (3) 300KVA Blackstone generators by bring up one of them,
syncing it to the mains supply, disconnecting the mains and then, a
couple of hours later, bring up another gennie, sync it to the first
one, then drop the first one off-line, and then a couple of hours later,
sync this gennie back to the mains.

All good fun!!

Did you ever cause any explosions or fires?

No!! I suppose I could say I was an expert at sync'ing generators .....
or at least that I was well trained ..... or that I was bloody lucky!! ;-)

A story was told about someone having sync'ed a generator in 180 degrees
out of phase ... and how the one ton flywheel attached to the generator
crankshaft was found three mile down the road!!

Weirdest power experience I've ever experienced was when "we" lost the
neutral connection. This allowed the "Delta" connected three phase to
float about all over the place, causing the three 240 V R.M.S. phases to
vary as well.

Transmitters, fluoro lights, etc, were switching on and off as if by magic!!

Daniel